CTL Roadmapping

Quantum Communications technology leverages the unique properties of photons and subatomic particles, allowing qubits to exist in superposition and entangled states, and to develop large-scale, powerful and secure quantum systems.  At its core, quantum communications research seeks to harness the power of quantum phenomena, leading to advancements in ultra-fast computing, highly accurate sensors, and ultra-secure communication networks. NIST CTL conducts cutting-edge quantum communications research in sensing, computing, and networking. 

In quantum metrology, CTL leverages quantum properties and novel approaches to achieve unprecedented measurement precision, tools to advance scalable quantum systems, and foundational technologies to enable large-scale quantum networks. Projects like the Quantum Voltage Standards enhance calibration accuracy in RF voltage and power measurements, while Rydberg Atom-Based Field Probes enable SI-traceable electric field measurements, revolutionizing telecommunications and defense systems. In quantum computing, CTL advances scalable quantum systems with tools for qubit to mega-qubit scaling, cryogenic radio frequency calibration, and the integration of superconducting circuits. Projects like the Flux Quantum Electronics Project and Mega-Qubit Innovations tackle challenges in controlling and measuring millions of qubits, paving the way for larger, more reliable quantum computers. In quantum networking, CTL develops technologies for entanglement distribution, optical time transfer, and remote microwave entanglement, facilitating secure, large-scale quantum communication networks. Through groundbreaking research in quantum sensing, computing, and networking, NIST CTL ensures U.S. leadership in quantum technology, advancing secure communications, precision metrology, and scalable quantum systems.

Spectrum science refers to the multidisciplinary study and analysis of the electromagnetic spectrum's properties, utilization, and management. It involves understanding how electromagnetic waves propagate, interact with different environments, and are harnessed for communication, sensing, and other applications. Research in spectrum science addresses both theoretical foundations and practical implementations, aiming to optimize spectrum use, improve wireless technologies, and ensure coexistence among various systems.

NIST CTL conducts research in the spectrum sciences in three focus areas: State of the art measurement techniques to assess the utilization of the radio frequency spectrum, Evaluation of methods that optimize the use of the radio frequency spectrum in the form of spectrum sharing and wireless coexistence, and Dynamic systems metrology. The areas combined to bring an integrated understanding of the radio spectrum to deliver trusted data to anticipate and enable the dynamism of tomorrow’s spectrum landscape. 

Metrology and calibration services enhance the precision and reliability of communication measurements by ensuring consistent and universally applicable measurement standards that support safety, performance, and mission-critical applications across various sectors.

NIST CTL focuses on providing calibration services grounded in traceability to the International System of Units (SI). CTL offers 12 unique calibration services including Antenna Gain and Polarization, Noise Temperature, Quantum-Based Voltage Standards, Repetitive Waveform Generators, and others. Stakeholders rely on CTL for these services because of its unparalleled expertise in delivering measurements with high accuracy and resolution in niche environments where precision is paramount.

Sixth-generation wireless communications (6G) represents the next frontier in wireless communications, delivering transformative advancements in speed, latency, capacity, and connectivity that surpass current 5G networks. 6G encompasses groundbreaking technologies, including integrated sensing and communication, advanced network architectures such as Open RAN, channel propagation and modeling, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) applications for communications, and innovative hardware architectures such as advanced antenna systems. It also examines security, spectrum science, edge computing, side link technologies, and Internet of Things (IoT) integration while addressing data availability, privacy, and usage. These innovations enable ultra-fast data transmission, real-time responsiveness, high bandwidth, and seamless support for emerging applications such as autonomous systems, industrial control systems, and space-based connectivity. 

NIST CTL leads the development of technologies, measurement capabilities, and other resources supporting 6G communications systems, conducts spectrum management research, and fosters industry collaboration.  

Specifically, CTL is advancing core and end-to-end network services, addressing 6G metrology gaps and contributing to standards development through: developing AI-native architectures, enhancing internet and O-RAN security and resilience, investigating novel approaches to automate and optimize network management, building a 5G/6G testbed, and developing next generation of channel measurements and propagation models. Through these projects, CTL ensures reliability, accessibility, and security, driving innovation and connectivity.

Autonomous systems are designed to perform one or more tasks in their operating domain   with minimal human intervention for extended periods. These systems can operate in real-world environments by sensing and recognizing situations, making independent decisions, planning and executing actions safely, cooperating through communication for shared tasks, and adapting with self-healing and resilience mechanisms to ensure operational continuity.  
An autonomous system may have multiple systems operating across multiple domains. Applications span diverse domains, including autonomous robots, vehicles, drones, submersibles, rail transport, space exploration, warehouses, factories, healthcare, and critical infrastructure. They also include enabling technologies such as internet routers and future 6G communications and enhance situational awareness and operational efficiency in sectors such as power and water. 

Effective communication technologies underpin these capabilities, enabling systems to  understand their environments and coordinate tasks. The quality and volume of communication significantly impact system performance, emphasizing the need for robust metrics to optimize autonomous control systems across various industries and environments.  CTL research creates new tools, models , and methodologies to assess the performance and accelerate the development of autonomous systems communications.   

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The NIST Public Safety Communications Research (PSCR) Division plays an essential role in advancing communications technology for first responders. Through cutting-edge research, strong collaborations, and continuous stakeholder engagement, PSCR ensures that public safety agencies will gain access to innovative solutions that enhance emergency response capabilities. By aligning with national priorities and leveraging emerging technologies, PSCR remains at the forefront of public safety communications advancements. Continue reading to learn more about PSCR’s research initiatives, ongoing stakeholder engagement efforts, and alignment with the First Responder Network Authority roadmap.