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Electronics

Electromagnetics

Projects/Programs

Displaying 1 - 24 of 24

Advanced Materials Metrology

Ongoing
Electromagnetic devices cannot operate without the interaction of electromagnetic waves with materials, and the characterization of the interface between fields and materials will be a critical task for any device or metrology development from nanoscale to larger scales. Areas of impact over the
Micrographs of kinetic inductance-based parametric amplifier

Amplifiers

Ongoing
We have developed parametric amplifiers based on two different technologies: Josephson Junctions and superconductors with high kinetic inductance, a representation of the kinetic energy of superconducting Cooper-pair charge carriers. Junction-based parametric amplifiers (JPAs) are well suited for
The NIST millimeter-wave extrapolation range being prepared for antenna measurements.

Antenna Metrology Project

Ongoing
NIST CTL’s Antenna Metrology Project combines theoretical models, analytical tools, and custom-developed facilities to advance the field of antenna measurement and share those advances with industry, government, and academic users. Two generations ago, NIST pioneered the near-field scanning
EUV graphs

Dynamic EUV Imaging and Spectroscopy for Microelectronics

Ongoing
Collaborations with industry leaders have led us to develop new measurement techniques to improve our understanding thermal transport, spin transport, and nanoscopic (and interfacial) material properties in active device structures. Such capability requires the ability to measure these properties at
Field Parameter Metrology 2

Electromagnetic Field Strength Metrology

Ongoing
NIST calibrates electrically-small field probes from 10 megahertz – 40 gigahertz. These measurements are done in facilities that are periodically compared against other National Metrology Institutes in conjunction with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). This assures international
circuit

Emerging Hardware for Artificial Intelligence

Ongoing
Here is a brief description of our work with links to recent papers from our investigations, broadly classified as experimental and modeling. A brief overview of Josephson junction-based bio-inspired computing can be found in our review article. Experimental We have facilities to develop our devices
big 4K probe station

Flux Quantum Electronics

Ongoing
Quantum-Based Reference Sources The demand for wireless communications has exploded over the last 2 decades and there is no end in sight. The quest for higher bandwidth is driving the use of higher carrier frequencies in the microwave and millimeter-wave (>30 GHz) bands. However, there are no
Fundamental Electromagnetic Technologies and Standards

Fundamental Electromagnetic Technologies and Standards

Ongoing
This focus area develops theory, metrology, and standards for the technologies upon which the future of both wired and wireless communications depends. These developments are then leveraged to provide better measurement services to U.S. industry through extended frequency range, lowered uncertainty

Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology

Ongoing
The science of microwave measurements is expanding in many different directions. There is a constant push to use higher frequencies. Signals are becoming much more complex and include modulation effects, multiport/differential signals, complex waveforms, and other unusual signal schemes. On-wafer

Fundamental Metrology for Communications

Ongoing
Engineers designing the next generation of wireless applications and devices must work around the fundamental issue of radio interference. NIST CTL’s RF Technology High Speed Electronics group focuses on fundamental measurement and modeling of nonlinear microwave systems, devices and materials that
Diagram showing the electro-thermo-mechanical relations in a crystal

Genomics of Electronic Materials

Ongoing
We approach this multidimensional characterization problem by developing measurement-based techniques to rapidly quantify all of the relevant properties of thin-film materials, interfaces, and microelectronic structures. We make extensive use of finite-element simulations, as well as linear and non
decorative image

Hybrid Ferromagnetic-Superconductor Systems

Ongoing
The main goal of the research program is to develop and understand the physics of systems in which a ferromagnet is strongly interacting with (i.e., coupled to) microwave and optical photons. When these measurements are performed using microfabricated resonators, they represent a novel metrology to

Hybrid Ferromagnetic-Superconductor Memory

Ongoing
The core of the research program is to understand how the transit of a supercurrent through a series of ferromagnetic films affects both its amplitude, phase, and spin state, which can result from magnetic fields within the element, interfacial spin-filtering effects, and exchange interactions

Ion Traps

Ongoing
Trapped ions are sensitive to electric-field noise from trap-electrode surfaces. This noise has been an obstacle to progress in trapped-ion quantum information processing (QIP) experiments for more than a decade. It causes motional heating of the ions, and thus quantum-state decoherence. This

Magnetic Random Access Memory

Ongoing
Focus areas include (1) the fundamental understanding of the interactions between spin and magnetic materials and materials with large spin-orbit scattering; (2) the nonlinear dynamics of both individual and interacting nanoscale magnetic systems; and (3) the role of thermal noise in nanomagnetic

Measuring Intermolecular Interactions with Electro-Acoustic Spectroscopy

Ongoing
We have a number of opportunities to collaborate with us. See below for details. What does this project aim to do for the chemical industry? Many industrial processes depend on the intermolecular environment- the solvents and ions that surround a molecule. These interactions impact separations
(a) Schematic of a near-field scanning microwave microscope (NSMM). (b) NSMM images of a perovskite PV sample, (c) NSMM MoS2 back-gate device, (d) Spatial imaging of excited spin wave modes.

Nanoelectromagnetics

Ongoing
The primary goal of this program is metrology that enables advanced nanoscale device (including electronics, spintronics, and life science) development. Based on current trends in electronics, we are focusing on metrology for two classes of devices: (1) nanoscale devices utilizing and exploring new
Detection Circuit and Layout of STO Chip

Neuromorphic Computing

Ongoing
Spin Torque Oscillators: The research at the heart of this effort is to better understand and control mutual synchronization of arrays of spintronic nanoscale oscillators operating in the range of 10 GHz to 40 GHz. The devices under study are well suited to neuromorphic applications because they are
Johnson Noise Thermometer system

Noise Thermometry

Ongoing
The project has also created a quantum-based electronic temperature standard that uses the ACJVS in conjunction with measurement of the Johnson noise -- random electrical noise caused by thermal agitation in a conductor -- in resistors at arbitrary temperatures. This Johnson noise thermometry system
micro-focus Brillouin Light scattering spectrometer

Optical and Microwave Spectroscopy of Microelectronic Systems

Ongoing
Collaborations with industry leaders have led to new understanding of magnetic damping in advanced materials and replication of our magnetic metrology tools. We investigate fundamental aspects of spin transfer in materials and structures that offer improved performance in future devices such as

Sensing and Imaging of concealed objects

Ongoing
Threats to personal and collective safety abound in our society. The Security Technologies Group (STG) performs research to advance the technology and measurement science of security imaging and sensing. This work includes the establishment of test and evaluation tools, reference test beds, test
Cityscape in the background. Solar panels in the foreground.

Smart Grid Program

Completed
Objective: To develop and demonstrate advances in measurement science to enable integration of interoperable and secure real-time sensing, control, communications, information and power technologies, in order to increase the system efficiency, reliability, resiliency and sustainability of the nation
Passive millimeter-wave image of concealed contraband (handgun and ceramic knife).

Terahertz Imaging and Sources

Ongoing
Over the past several years, we have focused on bolometric detection of THz radiation. Our initial work on cryogenic detectors has been extended to antenna-coupled bolometers operating at room temperature. These detectors provide a rugged, low-cost alternative for homeland security applications; e.g

Wireless Systems Metrology

Ongoing
The Wireless Systems Metrology Program supports the growing wireless industry by developing methods to test the operation and functionality of wireless devices in the presence of various types of distortion. This includes multipath distortion, ranging from a line-of-sight environment (low-multipath)