U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Projects/Programs

Topic Area
Displaying 751 - 775 of 1639
SPRI Cells

Label-free imaging of cells and their extracellular matrix by SPR imaging

Ongoing
Cellular remodeling of their neighboring environment, extracellular matrix (ECM), is an important biological process from development biology, to wound healing, to diseases and cancers – this is a challenging process to measure and quantify. Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) has been

Landscape Review of Forensic Science Training for Officers of the Court

Completed
The 2009 NAS Report highlighted the need for forensic science training for judges and lawyers noting, “Lawyers and judges often have insufficient training and background in scientific methods, and they often fail to fully comprehend the approaches employed by different forensic science disciplines
A chart showing the various sectors served by the Laser Power & Energy Meter calibrations project as of 2025

Laser Power and Energy Meter Calibrations

Ongoing
We serve Industry, DoD, and research institutions by calibrating instruments used to measure the power or energy emitted by a laser, or single photon source. From Single Photons to Kilowatts, Longwave Infrared to Deep Ultraviolet, Free-space and Fiber, we can calibrate your instruments. The chart to
Cryogenic sapphire optical cavity

Laser Stabilization and Coherence with Optical Resonators

Ongoing
Coherent laser interrogation of the narrowband electronic ‘clock’ transition is required to realize the very high spectroscopic resolution that make optical clocks so precise. At the same time, phase fluctuations in the laser interrogation can compromise the frequency stability of the optical clock
laser wavelength

Laser-wavelength conversion with nonlinear photonics

Ongoing
Many sophisticated technologies, including detection and characterization of biological samples, quantum sensing of magnetic and electric fields, time standards based on atomic clocks, and precision metrology, demand versatile laser sources spanning a broad range of wavelengths. Nonlinear optics
AFIS_FingerprintLogo

Latent Print AFIS Interoperability Working Group

Ongoing
Why is AFIS Interoperability Important? Automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) allow latent print examiners to search fingerprint files and to transmit fingerprint images. However, examiners often lack the technological ability to access AFIS in neighboring jurisdictions. In addition
phased

Lead-Free Solder

Completed
The U.S. microelectronics industry has clearly articulated the measurement needs for lead-free solders, and for solderability and assembly. For example, the urgency for materials data for lead-free solders has been specified in the 1997 IPC, 1999 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors

Lead-Free Surface Finishes for Electronic Components: Tin Whisker Growth

Completed
Tin is widely used as a coating in the electronics industry because it provides excellent solderability, ductility, electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance. Unfortunately, tin whiskers often grow spontaneously from pure tin electrodeposits and short-circuit finely pitched electrical
block

SI Length and Traceability

Ongoing
Laser interferometry, which measures distances in terms of light wavelength, provides the backbone of top-level length metrology in industry and science. This project develops techniques to facilitate the tie between interferometer-based length measurements and the SI definition of length (in terms

Light-matter interactions in Semiconductor Nanostructures

Ongoing
We investigate the interaction of light with semiconductor-based nanostructures. We extend concepts of entanglement and coherence in atomic physics to our solid-state systems. Our devices are based on semiconductors, like GaAs. We use InAs quantum dots (QDs) in GaAs as artificial atoms; they have

Lightweight Cryptography

Ongoing
For more information regarding the Lightweight Cryptography, please visit the Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC).

Live Cell Imaging of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Populations

Ongoing
As part of our program in Cell Biology , our live cell image program supports the advancement of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology in three ways: 1) Identification of process control measurements: A critical component to the translation of iPSCs into therapeutic applications is to
RM2Yeast

Living Yeast Cell Reference Material (RM 8230)

Ongoing
Quantification of total and viable microbial cells is critical for applications ranging from assessment of DNA extraction efficiency in support of microbial metagenomics to characterization of antimicrobial efficacy. In addition, safe biological materials are needed to substitute for true biothreat

LMR and LTE Interfacing

Ongoing
The Wireless Broadband Technology Demonstrator is part of an effort of DHS OIC to evaluate how wireless broadband technology can be integrated with existing LMR and other first responder and law enforcement communications.PSCR provides independent verification, testing, and support on behalf of DHS
Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) image of an LNP/RNA formulation

LNP-RNA Research Grade Test Material

Ongoing
The currently planned LNP/RNA material (designated RGTM 10240) will include a fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 genome that is approximately 4 kb in length. This fragment was previously included (in unencapsulated form) as “Fragment 1” of NIST RGTM 10169. The RNA fragment is not designed for cell-based
Local Control Terminal Concept depicting a high level design

Local Control

Ongoing
In March 2012, the National Public-Safety Telecommunications Council (NPSTC) Local Control Task Group published a report titled, “Local Control in the Nationwide Public Safety Broadband Network”. The NPSTC report identified four areas where users will need some type of control in respect to first
Pre-Empting users

Local and Dynamic Quality Priority and Pre-emption

Ongoing
The Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (H.R. 3630) appropriated $7 billion for the establishment of a nationwide interoperable public safety broadband network under FirstNet, an independent authority in the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA). FirstNet
feedhorn array

Long Wavelength Sensors and Applications

Ongoing
Our project designs and micro-fabricates custom devices that achieve sensitivity at fundamental limits and are based on the principles of superconductivity. We often work in large collaborations to apply these devices to challenging measurements of high scientific interest, such as those which
Photo of the exterior upper portion of Caltech Hall showing weather stations on the corners of the roof.

The Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project

Ongoing
Observation Network Tower and rooftop-based in-situ measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and methane (CH 4) are the backbone of the LA Megacity test bed. This surface-based component of the LA observing system includes a network of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) monitoring stations that is intended to

Low Temperature Regenerator and Pulse Tube Losses

Ongoing
All-digital radio communication between the various forces of the U.S. military is required to improve communications to the level needed in the near future. Such communication requires analog-to-digital converters of speeds only possible with low temperature superconducting electronics. The

Low-Complexity Optimized MIMO Receiver

Completed
Transmit diversity is a very significant characteristic which a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system possesses. Nevertheless, due to the size of a mobile phone, the 10λ distance between two antennas allowing each channel to be independent is difficult to fulfill. Against this
A group of students in a laboratory with computers and equipment

A Low-Cost Robot Science Kit for Education

Ongoing
Despite its low cost, Legolas has been demonstrated for machine learning-driven hypothesis design, discovery, and validation. For the last four years, Legolas has been used in hands-on courses at the University of Maryland to teach next-generation workforce skills, including ML, control systems
A prototype low-cost GHG sensor box opened with the circuits showing and Tyler Boyle crouched next to it on a deck at NIST

Low-Cost Sensor Platform

Ongoing
This platform uses commercially available sensors and microcontrollers, making them a fraction of the cost of traditional GHG measurement systems. Though these sensors are less accurate than traditional measurement systems, NIST hopes to reduce sensor uncertainty to the 1 ppm level with frequent