Drs. LaVan and Yi have developed new calorimeter devices and integrated them into existing electron-microscope and mass-spectrometer instrumentation to measure the energy of reactions in micro- and nano-sized samples, thus creating integrated tools for novel microstructural and evolved-gas measurements. Their innovations greatly expand the capabilities of the existing instruments, enabling them to study materials reactions at very fast reaction rates. NIST’s calorimeter devices are the fastest, most versatile, and most sensitive in the world, allowing measurements of very small samples of reactive and energetic materials such as explosives that are normally too dangerous to test at large scales.