Drs. Moffat and Josell are recognized for developing advanced processing technologies needed to fabricate nanometer- to millimeter-sized metal features in complex electronics and other devices, and for successfully transferring this technology to key industry and government stakeholders. This effort involved extensive stakeholder outreach; sophisticated experimental, theoretical, and modeling research; patent development; and multiple technology-transfer approaches including close collaboration, licensing and CRADAs. The transferred fabrication technologies are enabling the creation of next-generation electronic chips, quantum computer designs, and X-ray imaging.