High-Throughput Nanopore Fabrication and Classification Using Xe-Ion Irradiation and Automated Pore-Edge Analysis

Published

September 26, 2022

Author(s)

Michal Macha, Sanjin Marion, Mukesh Tripathi, Martina Lihter, Alex Smolyanitsky, Andras Kis, Aleksandra Radenovic

Abstract

Large-area nanopore drilling is a major bottleneck in state-of-the-art nanoporous 2D membrane fabrication protocols. In addition, high-quality structural and statistical descriptions of as-fabricated porous membranes are key to predicting the corresponding membrane-wide permeation properties. In this work, we investigate Xe-ion focused ion beam as a tool for scalable, large-area nanopore fabrication on atomically thin, free-standing molybdenum disulfide. The presented irradiation protocol enables designing ultrathin membranes with tunable porosity and pore dimensions, along with spatial uniformity across large-area substrates. Fabricated nanoporous membranes are then characterized using scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging, and the observed nanopore geometries are analyzed through a pore-edge detection and analysis script. We further demonstrate that the obtained structural and statistical data can be readily passed on to computational and analytical tools to predict the permeation properties at both individual pore and membrane-wide scales. As an example, membranes featuring angstrom-scale pores are investigated in terms of their emerging water and ion flow properties through extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. We believe that the combination of experimental and analytical approaches presented here will yield accurate physics-based property estimates and thus potentially enable a true function-by-design approach to fabrication for applications such as osmotic power generation and desalination/filtration.

Citation

ACS Nano

Pub Type

Journals

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https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c05201

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Keywords

nanopore, MoS2, FIB, Xe PFIB, nanofluidics, osmotic power generation, desalination

Citation

Macha, M. , Marion, S. , Tripathi, M. , Lihter, M. , Smolyanitsky, A. , Kis, A. and Radenovic, A. (2022), High-Throughput Nanopore Fabrication and Classification Using Xe-Ion Irradiation and Automated Pore-Edge Analysis, ACS Nano, [online], https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c05201, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=934695 (Accessed December 17, 2024)