The group applies expertise in mathematical subdisciplines such as differential equations, nonlinear dynamics, inverse and ill-posed problems, continuous optimization, and image analysis. Application areas include materials modeling, computational electromagnetics and acoustics, electro-optics, fluid mechanics, fracture and deformation, nanotechnology, and systems biology. In collaboration with NIST and outside scientists, our researchers develop and analyze mathematical and computational models, methods, and tools necessary for the fundamental understanding of physical, biological, and information systems and processes. We work with academia, industry, professional societies, consortia, and standards bodies on measurement science issues related to the modeling of such applications.