NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
10 V Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard and its Application in Direct Comparison with the Conventional Josephson Voltage Standard
Published
Author(s)
Yi-hua D. Tang, James Wachter, Alain Rufenacht, Gerald J. FitzPatrick, Samuel P. Benz
Abstract
This paper briefly describes the working principle of the 10 V programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) that was developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and how to use it in a direct comparison with a conventional Josephson voltage standard (JVS). Manual and automatic comparison methods were developed to verify the agreement between the two types of Josephson standards. A 10 V PJVS provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was used as a transfer standard in the 2014 JVS Interlaboratory Comparison (ILC) that is organized by the National Conference of Standard Laboratories International (NCSLI). The results of automatic direct comparisons between a NASA PJVS and three conventional JVS (CJVS) are reported. Allan variance is applied to analyze the large number of data for Type A uncertainty.
Citation
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Tang, Y.
, Wachter, J.
, Rufenacht, A.
, FitzPatrick, G.
and Benz, S.
(2015),
10 V Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard and its Application in Direct Comparison with the Conventional Josephson Voltage Standard, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, [online], https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2015.2463392
(Accessed October 10, 2025)