The ready access to powerful computational resources, whether on the desktop, in a lab, in a local computer center, in the cloud, or at a leadership class computer facility, has transformed how science is done in the 21st century. Nearly every scientific study today involves computation of some sort; this broad class of computer applications is known as scientific computing.
Scientific computing plays an important role in the measurement science work of NIST. Computational techniques are used to study mathematical models of physical phenomena to be measured, and to find optimal system parameters. Experimentalists use computers to control experiments and to gather relevant data. Mathematical and statistical computations are then used to transform measured data into useful information.