Large T1 contrast enhancement using superparamagnetic nanoparticles in ultra-low field MRI

Published

June 5, 2018

Author(s)

Xiaolu Yin, Stephen E. Russek, Gary Zabow, Fan Sun, Jeotikanta Mohapatra, Kathryn E. Keenan, Michael A. Boss, Hao Zeng, Sy-Hwang Liou, John M. Moreland

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are widely investigated and utilized as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast and therapy agents due to their large magnetic moments. Local field inhomogeneities caused by these high magnetic moments are used to generate T2 contrast in clinical high-field MRI, resulting in signal loss (darker contrast). Here we present strong T1 contrast enhancement (brighter contrast) from SPIONs (diameters from 11 nm to 22 nm) as observed in the ultra-low field (ULF) MRI at 0.13 mT. We have achieved a high longitudinal relaxivity for 18 nm SPION solutions, r1 = 615 s−1 mM−1, which is two orders of magnitude larger than typical commercial Gd-based T1 contrast agents operating at high fields (1.5 T and 3 T). The significantly enhanced r1 value at ultralow fields is attributed to the coupling of proton spins with SPION magnetic fluctuations (Brownian and Néel) associated with a low frequency peak in the imaginary part of AC susceptibility (χ”). SPION-based T1-weighted ULF MRI has the advantages of enhanced signal, shorter imaging times, and iron-oxide based nontoxic biocompatible agents. This approach shows promise to become a functional imaging technique, similar to PET, where low spatial resolution is compensated for by important functional information.

Citation

Nature - Scientific Reports

Volume

8

Issue

11863

Pub Type

Journals

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30264-5

Keywords

ultra-low field MRI, MRI contrast agents, Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Citation

Yin, X. , Russek, S. , Zabow, G. , Sun, F. , Mohapatra, J. , Keenan, K. , Boss, M. , Zeng, H. , Liou, S. and Moreland, J. (2018), Large T1 contrast enhancement using superparamagnetic nanoparticles in ultra-low field MRI, Nature - Scientific Reports, [online], https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30264-5 (Accessed November 21, 2024)