U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 76 - 100 of 1898

Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive polymer-mineral suspensions

July 21, 2022
Author(s)
Edward Garboczi, Sharu Kandy, Iman Mehdipour, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar, Mathieu Bauchy, Samanvaya Srivastava, Torben Gaedt, Gaurav Sant
Extrusion-based 3D printing with rapidly hardening polymeric materials is capable of building almost any conceivable structure. However, concrete, one of the most widely used materials for large-scale structural components, is generally based on inorganic

Suppression of filament defects in embedded 3D printing

July 5, 2022
Author(s)
Leanne Friedrich, Ross Gunther, Jonathan Seppala
Embedded 3D printing enables the manufacture of soft, intricate structures. In the technique, a nozzle is embedded into a viscoelastic support bath and extrudes filaments or droplets. While embedded 3D printing expands the printable materials space to low

Polydimethylsiloxane tissue-mimicking phantoms with tunable optical properties

July 1, 2022
Author(s)
Aaron Goldfain, Paul Lemaillet, David W. Allen, Kimberly Briggman, Jeeseong C. Hwang
We report on techniques to manufacture and characterize solid tissue-mimicking phantoms of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers. Tunability of the absorption (a()) and reduced scattering spectra (s'()) in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 850 nm is

Time-gated Raman spectroscopy of recovered plastics

July 1, 2022
Author(s)
Anthony Kotula, Sara Orski, Kayla Brignac, Jennifer Lynch, Bryan Heilala
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful non-destructive technique for the identification and characterization of plastics. The technique often has limited use due to fluorescence emission, which often occurs in polymer samples containing colorants or that have

In-situ studies of the swelling by electrolyte in the electrochemical doping of an ethylene glycol substituted polythiophene

June 13, 2022
Author(s)
Lee J. Richter, Lucas Flagg, Lauren Asselta, Nicholas D'Antona, Natalie Stingelin, Tommaso Nicolini, Jonathan Onorato, Christine Luscombe, Ruipeng Li
Organic mixed ionic electronic conductors (OMIECs) have the potential to enable diverse new technologies, ranging from biosensors to flexible energy storage devices and neuromorphic computing platforms. However, study of these materials in their operating

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy for polymers

April 1, 2022
Author(s)
Shuyu Xu, Charles Camp, Young Jong Lee
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a label-free chemical imaging modality capable of interrogating local molecular composition, concentration, and even orientation. In comparison to traditional Raman spectroscopy/imaging, CARS

Resonant X-ray Scattering in Polymer Science

April 1, 2022
Author(s)
Brian Collins, Eliot Gann
Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering (RSoXS) is an emerging, powerful technique to probe the nano-to-mesoscale ordering of polymers and other molecules. It joins together small-angle X-ray scattering (a statistical nanoprobe) with X-ray spectroscopy that brings

A small-volume microcapillary rheometer

March 30, 2022
Author(s)
Paul Salipante, Steve Kuei, Steven Hudson
We demonstrate a capillary device used to measure the shear rate dependent viscosity of microliter scale volumes. Liquid samples are driven pneumatically to fill a microcapillary and partially fill a larger glass capillary. The glass capillary is mounted

Reassessing the Significance of Reduced Aggregation and Crystallinity of Naphthalene Diimide-Based Copolymer Acceptors in All-Polymer Solar Cells

March 28, 2022
Author(s)
Eliot Gann, Christopher McNeill, Doan Vu, Martyn Jervic, Chao Wang, Lars Thomsen, Mats Andersson
Terpolymerization is a facile and effective strategy to control the aggregation and crystallinity of semiconducting polymers which has been exploited to improve the photovoltaic performance of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Applying this strategy to

Effects of Thermal Aging on Molar Mass of Ultra-High Molar Mass Polyethylene Fibers

March 24, 2022
Author(s)
Zois Tsinas, Sara Orski, Viviana Bentley, Lorelis Gonzalez-Lopez, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Amanda L. Forster
Ultra-high molar mass polyethylene (UHMMPE) is commonly used for ballistic-resistant body armor applications due to the superior strength of the fibers fabricated from this material combined with its low density. However, polymeric materials are

Chapter: Structure and phase behavior of polyampholytes and polyzwitterions

March 4, 2022
Author(s)
Phillip Pickett, Yuanchi Ma, Vivek Prabhu, Michael Lueckheide, Nicholas Posey
Polyelectrolytes contain many units of charged moieties, often as either anionic or cationic. However, when a polymer comprises both anionic and cationic monomers, the result is a polyampholyte. Polyzwitterions are a type of polyampholyte that contain

Computational Design of Helical Peptide Bundle Variants Spanning a Wide Range of Charge States

March 1, 2022
Author(s)
Jeffrey Fagan, Nairiti Sinha, rui gui, Darrin Pochan, Grethe Vestergaard Jensen, Jeffery Saven, matthew Langenstein, Rajkumar Misra, Christopher Kloxin, yan tang
Peptides can be computationally designed and engineered to achieve various functionalities and structures. Herein computational design was used to identify a set of 17 peptides having a wide range of putative charge states but the same tetrameric coiled

Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Plastics: A Review

March 1, 2022
Author(s)
Paul Rikhter, Ilayda Dinc, Yirui Zhang, Ted Jiang, Bobby Miyashiro, Shelby Walsh, Ruoyu Wang, Yvonne Dinh, Sangwon Suh, Joshua D. Kneifel
Global production and consumption of plastics and its deposition in the environment are growing rapidly, while their life-cycle impacts to the environment are yet to be fully understood. This study reviews the existing literature with the goal of

Imaging 3D molecular orientation by orthogonal-pair polarization IR microscopy

February 28, 2022
Author(s)
Shuyu Xu, Chad R. Snyder, Jeremy Rowlette, Young Jong Lee
Anisotropic molecular alignment occurs ubiquitously and often heterogeneously in three dimensions (3D). However, conventional imaging approaches based on polarization can map only molecular orientation projected onto the 2D polarization plane. Here, an

Pruning the Mechanical Impedance of Three-Dimensional Disordered Networks

February 21, 2022
Author(s)
Marcos Reyes-Martinez, Edwin P. Chan, Christopher Soles, Michael A. Riley, Endao Han, Nidhi Pashine, Kieran Murphy, Heinrich Jaeger, Sidney Nagel, Daniel Reid, Meng Shen, Juan J. de Pablo
Disordered networks, comprised of random arrangements of bonds and nodes, have emerged as materials with the unique ability for independent control over the shear and bulk moduli. Recent computational studies have demonstrated that an extremely high degree

A method to quantify composition, purity, and cross-link density of the polyamide active layer in reverse osmosis composite membranes using 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

February 12, 2022
Author(s)
Ryan Nieuwendaal, Christopher Stafford, Jeff Wilbur
A method for harvesting and purifying the thin polyamide (PA) active layer from thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was developed, enabling quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the composition and cross-linking
Displaying 76 - 100 of 1898