U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 101 - 125 of 2950

Transport of NIST Graphene Quantized Hall Devices and Comparison with AIST Gallium-Arsenide Quantized Hall Devices

July 9, 2018
Author(s)
Dean G. Jarrett, Takehiko Oe, Randolph E. Elmquist, Nobu Kaneko, Albert F. Rigosi, Bi Y. Wu, Hsin Y. Lee, Yanfei Yang
We report the results of a pilot study where two graphene quantized Hall resistance (QHR) devices made at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) were hand carried from the USA to the National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and

A Self-Calibrated Transfer Standard for Microwave Calorimetry

July 8, 2018
Author(s)
Dazhen Gu, Xifeng Lu, Ben Jamroz, Dylan Williams, Billy F. Riddle, Xiaohai Cui
We develop a new calibration technique for measuring the correction factor of a calorimeter with a vector network analyzer. Based on a wave-parameter formulation, we develop analytic formulas for the correction-factor ($g$) and effective-efficiency ($\eta$

Measuring Ion-Pairing in Buffer Solutions with Microwave Microfluidics

June 14, 2018
Author(s)
Angela C. Stelson, Charles A. Little, Nathan D. Orloff, Christian J. Long, James C. Booth
Microwave microfluidics is an emergent technique for characterizing conductivity and permittivity of fluids and has wide-ranging applications in the materials science and biomedical fields. The electrical properties of fluids as a function of frequency can

Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions (GSTCs) for a Metascreen

May 1, 2018
Author(s)
Christopher L. Holloway
Using the multiple-scales homogenization method, we derive generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) for electromagnetic fields at the surface of a metascreen---a metasurface with a ``fishnet'' structure. These surfaces are characterized by

Angle- and Delay-Dispersion Characteristics in a Hallway and Lobby at 60 GHz

April 9, 2018
Author(s)
Roy Sun, Peter B. Papazian, Jelena Senic, Camillo A. Gentile, Catherine A. Remley
In this paper, we present results from measurement data collected in a hallway and lobby up to 33 meters in line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight conditions. The data was collected using a custom double-directional 60 GHz channel sounder. By tracking the

The New Large Antenna Positioning System for Over-The-Air Testing at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

April 8, 2018
Author(s)
Jeffrey R. Guerrieri, David R. Novotny, Josh Gordon, Alexandra Curtin, Michael S. Allman, Kim Hassett, Quang Ton
This paper introduces the new Large Antenna Positioning System (LAPS) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). For the last eight years NIST has been pioneering the use of robotics for antenna measurements. Starting with the

A new magnet design for future Kibble balances

April 4, 2018
Author(s)
Stephan Schlamminger, Shisong Li, Michael Stock
We propose a new permanent magnet system for Kibble balance experiments, which combines advantages of the magnet designs invented by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) and by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The goal of the

Method for Determining the Electrical Shape of a Scanning Probe Microscope Tip

April 2, 2018
Author(s)
Joseph J. Kopanski, Malcolm Regan, Lin You
Knowledge of the actual electrical tip shape can be used to better understand electric field gradients measured with eSPMs and to determine the suitability of various types of conducting SPM tips for electrical measurements. For co-axially shielded tips

Examining epitaxial graphene surface conductivity and quantum Hall device stability with Parylene passivation

March 20, 2018
Author(s)
Albert F. Rigosi, Chieh-I Liu, Bi Y. Wu, Hsin Y. Lee, Mattias Kruskopf, Yanfei Yang, Heather M. Hill, Jiuning Hu, Emily G. Bittle, Jan Obrzut, Angela R. Hight Walker, Randolph E. Elmquist, David B. Newell
When it comes to the advancement of quantized Hall resistance (QHR) standards, homogeneous, single-crystal, monolayer epitaxial graphene (EG) is the most promising candidate. EG-based quantum Hall devices, though emerging as a useful tool for metrology

Remote Bias Induced Electrostatic Force Microscopy for Subsurface Imaging

March 5, 2018
Author(s)
Joseph J. Kopanski, Lin You, Yaw S. Obeng
Contrast in electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) depends on the electrostatic force between the tip and sample. In the related technique, scanning Kelvin force microscopy (SKFM), contrast arises from the force due to the capacitance gradient with tip-to

Measurement of Radio-Frequency Radiation Pressure

February 13, 2018
Author(s)
Christopher L. Holloway, Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Matthew T. Simons, Ivan Ryger
In this work we perform measurements of the radiation pressure of a radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic field which will lead to a new SI traceable power calibration. There are several groups around the world investigating methods to perform more direct

Identifying spurious modes in RF-MEMS resonators using photoelastic imaging

January 21, 2018
Author(s)
Vikrant J. Gokhale, Jason J. Gorman
This paper reports the first use of dynamic photoelastic imaging for identifying in-plane vibration modes in high-frequency MEMS resonators. In a set of width-extensional mode resonators (WE-BARs), we map fundamental width-extensional modes and unwanted

How to extract distributed circuit parameters from the scattering parameters of a transmission line

January 15, 2018
Author(s)
Nathan D. Orloff, Jasper A. Drisko, Angela C. Stelson, Charles A. Little, James C. Booth, Jordi Mateu, Christian J. Long
Distributed circuit parameters parameterize the transmission and reflection off a given transmission line in terms of a distributed resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance, which are per unit length frequency dependent quantities. While there

G-band Reflectivity Results of Conical Blackbody for Radiometer Calibration

January 14, 2018
Author(s)
Derek A. Houtz, Dazhen Gu
Two hollow conical cavities have been developed and built for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for use as radiometric brightness temperature sources, or blackbodies. According to Kirchoff's reciprocity relation, a good absorber is

On the Susceptibility of Coded OFDM to Interference: A Simulation Study

January 3, 2018
Author(s)
Jason Coder, Yao Ma
The susceptibility of broadband wireless communications signals (e.g., LTE, IEEE 802.11) to interference has been a topic of significant research. In this paper, we implement a simulation-based study on the impact interference can have on the bit error

The Multi-Robot Large Antenna Positioning System for Over-The-Air Testing at the National Institute of Standards and Technology1

December 31, 2017
Author(s)
David R. Novotny, Josh Gordon, Michael S. Allman, Jeffrey R. Guerrieri, Alexandra Curtin, Kim Hassett, George McAdams, Quang Ton
To address dynamic testing requirements of new communications systems and RF processes that use non-static beam forming, NIST proposed the Large Antenna Positioning System (LAPS). The LAPS consists of two kinematically-linked six axis robotic arms, one of
Displaying 101 - 125 of 2950