January 1, 2002
      
                  
        
  Author(s)
  Theodore D. Doiron,   Eric S. Stanfield,   Dennis S. Everett
 
       
            
    
    
        When a force is exerted on any material, the material deforms. Most of the time the effect is small and is neglected. In the measurement of gauge blocks, where the uncertainty goal is stated in nanometers, the deformation is a very large effect, and can be