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Search Publications by: Mark O. McLinden (Fed)

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 197

New refrigerants and system configurations for vapor compression refrigeration

November 13, 2020
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden, Christopher J. Seeton, Andy Pearson
The high global warming potential (GWP) of current refrigerants in cooling equipment based on the vapor-compression cycle has triggered a major effort to find and implement more environmentally benign alternatives. Here, we review the basics of the vapor

The Status of Thermodynamic Data and Models for CF3I and its Mixtures

July 24, 2020
Author(s)
Ian H. Bell, Mark O. McLinden
There is a renewed interest in the use of the refrigerant CF3I for refrigeration and air conditioning applications, driven by its low global warming potential (equivalent to CO2), and very low (but nonzero) ozone depletion potential. In this paper we will

The (R)Evolution of Refrigerants

July 2, 2020
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden, Marcia L. Huber
As we enter the "fourth generation" of refrigerants, we consider the evolution of refrigerant molecules, the ever-changing constraints and regulations that have driven the need to consider new molecules, and the advancements in the tools and property

Uncertainty analysis of adsorption measurements using commercial gravimetric sorption analyzers with simultaneous density measurement based on a magnetic-suspension balance

April 27, 2020
Author(s)
Xiaoxian Yang, Reiner Kleinrahm, Mark O. McLinden, Markus Richter
A commercial gravimetric sorption analyzer, which is based on a magnetic-suspension balance, was significantly improved to reduce the uncertainty in adsorption measurements. In a previous paper, we investigated the force-transmission error (FTE) of the

Options for Low-GWP Refrigerants

November 6, 2019
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden, Andrei F. Kazakov, J S. Brown, Riccardo Brignoli, Ian H. Bell, Piotr A. Domanski
We summarize a systematic examination of possible low-GWP (global warming potential) replacements for the HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerants currently used in small air-conditioning systems. The methodology identified the optimal thermodynamic parameters

Thermodynamics of the New Refrigerants

August 24, 2019
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden
As the refrigeration industry moves towards low-GWP refrigerants the number of acceptable refrigerants is decreasing due to new environmental constraints, but, at the same time, a variety of new options are becoming available. These "new" refrigerants

Thermophysical Properties of Polyol Ester Lubricants

August 20, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno, Tara Fortin, Marcia L. Huber, Arno D. Laesecke, Eric Lemmon, Elisabeth Mansfield, Mark O. McLinden, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Richard A. Perkins, Kimberly N. Urness, Jason A. Widegren
This report summarizes the results of work performed for the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Applied Chemicals and Materials Division on the properties of polyol ester lubricants

The hunt for refrigerant blends to replace R-134a

August 1, 2019
Author(s)
Ian H. Bell, Piotr A. Domanski, Gregory T. Linteris, Mark O. McLinden
We investigated refrigerant blends as possible low GWP (global warming potential) alternatives for R-134a in an air-conditioning application. We carried out an extensive screening of the binary, ternary, and four-component blends possible among a list of

COMPOSITION DETERMINATION OF LOW-PRESSURE GAS-PHASE MIXTURES BY 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY

March 4, 2019
Author(s)
Chris Suiter, Mark O. McLinden, Thomas J. Bruno, Jason A. Widegren
1H NMR spectroscopy was used to analyze vapor-phase mixtures of methane and propane at low to moderate pressures. The mixtures were prepared gravimetrically and had low uncertainty in their composition. The primary mixture used for this work had a methane

Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerant Blends for HFC-134a

September 7, 2018
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Ian H. Bell, Gregory T. Linteris
The goal of this study was to identify non-flammable, non-toxic, low global-warming-potential (GWP) replacements for HFC-134a in an air-conditioning system that would maintain the energy efficiency and capacity. A prior exhaustive work demonstrated that