U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications by: Malcolm White (Assoc)

Search Title, Abstract, Conference, Citation, Keyword or Author
Displaying 1 - 20 of 20

Enhancement of Optical Absorption by Oxygen Plasma Treatment in Carbon Nanotube-based Black Paint Coating

July 5, 2023
Author(s)
Atasi Dan, Joel Rutkowski, Patrick McArdle, Erica Freire Antunes, Nathan Tomlin, Malcolm White, Michelle Stephens, John H. Lehman
Effect of oxygen (O2) plasma treatment on reflectance properties and surface morphology of CNT-based paint was investigated. We demonstrate a specular reflectance less than 0.10% and hemispherical reflectance less than 2.5% throughout the UV-Vis-NIR range.

Generalized Electrical Substitution Methods and Detectors for Absolute Optical Power Measurements

June 17, 2022
Author(s)
Solomon I. Woods, Jorge Neira, James E. Proctor, Joseph P. Rice, Nathan Tomlin, Malcolm White, Michelle Stephens, John H. Lehman
We have developed generalized methods for electrical substitution optical measurements, as well as cryogenic detectors which can be used to implement them. The new methods enable measurement of arbitrary periodic waveforms by an electrical substitution

Room temperature Laser Power Standard Using a Microfabricated, Electrical Substitution Bolometer

February 18, 2021
Author(s)

Michelle Stephens, Christopher Yung, Nathan Tomlin, Anna Vaskuri, Ivan Ryger, Matthew Spidell, Malcolm G. White, Thomas Jenkins, Jennifer Landry, Tesfatsion Sereke, John Lehman

The design and performance of a room temperature electrical substitution radiometer for use as an absolute standard for measuring continuous-wave laser power over a wide range of wavelengths, beam diameters and powers is described. The standard achieves an

Compact total irradiance monitor: Flight demonstration

August 30, 2019
Author(s)
Dave Harber, John H. Lehman, Nathan A. Tomlin, Christopher Yung, Malcolm White, Zach Castleman, Ginger Drake, Samuel Van Dreser, Nat Farber, Karl Heurman, Joel Rutkowski, Alan Sims, Jacob Sprunck, Cameron Straatsma, Isaac Wanamaker, Wengang Zheng, Greg Kopp, P. Pilewskie, Michelle Stephens
The long-term balance between Earth's absorption of solar energy and emission of radiation to space is a fundamental climate measurement. Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been measured from space, uninterrupted, for the past 40 years via a series of

Cryogenic Primary Standard for Optical Fibre Power Measurement

August 17, 2018
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, Zeus Ruiz, Christopher S. Yung, Igor Vayshenker, Nathan A. Tomlin, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman
NIST has completed commissioning a new, state-of-the-art cryogenic primary standard for optical fibre power measurement and calibration. It establishes for the first time, a direct traceability route between the device under test and primary standard. Two

A Charge Integrator Amplifier and Trap Detector for pico-Joule Laser Pulse Energy Measurement

August 10, 2018
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, David J. Livigni, Rodney W. Leonhardt, Geiland Porrovecchio, Marek Smid
We report the characterisation and calibration of a charge integrator amplifier, developed for pico-joule laser pulse energy measurement at repetition rates up to 1 kHz. The amplifier is designed to operate in conjunction with an input charge source, such

Characterisation of New Planar Radiometric Detectors using Carbon Nanotube Absorbers under Development at NIST

June 13, 2018
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Christopher S. Yung, Michelle S. Stephens, Ivan Ryger, Solomon I. Woods, John H. Lehman, Igor Vayshenker
Carbon nanotube technology, in conjunction with silicon micro-fabrication techniques, has enabled us to develop planar radiometric detectors, which has led to the establishment of a new generation of primary standards. The goal is to develop compact, fast

Plasma modification of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: superhydrophobic surfaces with ultra- low reflectance

November 2, 2017
Author(s)
Christopher S. Yung, Nathan A. Tomlin, Karl Heuerman, Mark W. Keller, Malcolm G. White, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) are excellent broadband (UV–VIS–IR) absorbers of light that can be made even darker with plasma treatments. Modification of VACNTs using O2 and/or CF4 plasmas is shown to have a significant impact on the

Verification of Calibration Methods for Determining Photon-Counting Detection Efficiency using Superconducting Nano-Wire Single Photon Detectors

September 4, 2017
Author(s)
Igor Vayshenker, Robert D. Horansky, John H. Lehman, Malcolm G. White, Sae Woo Nam, Ingmar Mueller, Lutz Werner, G. Wuebbeler
In the recent years several ways to radiometrically calibrate optical fiber-coupled detectors have been developed. However, fiber-coupled calibration methods for single photon detectors have not been compared by national metrology institutes validating the

Noise characteristics of thermistors: measurement methods and results of selected devices

February 13, 2017
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Michelle S. Stephens, Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Matthew T. Spidell, John H. Lehman, Dave Harber
As part of the development of a spectrally-uniform room-temperature absolute radiometer, we have studied the electrical noise of several bulk chip thermistors in order to estimate the noise floor and optical dynamic range. Understanding the fundamental

A Planar Hyperblack Absolute Radiometer

November 14, 2016
Author(s)
John H. Lehman, Michelle S. Stephens, Malcolm G. White, Andreas Steiger, Christian Monte, Joerg Hollandt, Ivan Ryger, Mathias Kehrt, Marla L. Dowell
The absolute responsivity of a planar radiometer fabricated from micromachined silicon and having carbon nanotubes as the absorber and thermistor was measured in the visible and far infrared (free-field terahertz) wavelength range by means of detector

Low noise resistive bolometer read out for wideband room temperature infrared detector

September 25, 2016
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, John H. Lehman, Peter Lobotka, Dave Harber
The absolute electrical substitution radiometer is the way to ensure highly accurate and stable measurement of optical power in wide range of optical wavelength. Its sensitivity is mainly determined by temperature stability of the equithermal bath and

Low noise thermistor read out for wideband room temperature infrared detectors

September 25, 2016
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman, Matthew T. Spidell, Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Dave Harber, Peter Lobotka
An absolute electrical substitution radiometer is a way to ensure highly accurate and stable measurement of optical power in a wide range of optical wavelengths. Its sensitivity is mainly determined by the temperature stability of the equithermal bath and

Terahertz laser power measurement comparison

September 5, 2016
Author(s)
John H. Lehman, Malcolm G. White, Andreas Steiger, Ralf Mueller, Alberto R. Oliva, Yuqiang Deng, Qing Sun
Abstract: A comparison of terahertz (THz) laser power measurements was undertaken among three national metrology institutes. At two THz frequencies, 2.52 THz (119 µm) and 0.762 THz (394 µm), a power level of approximately 3 mW was compared at one place at

A CW calibrated laser pulse energy meter for the range 1 pJ to 100mJ

May 13, 2014
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, Rodney W. Leonhardt, David J. Livigni, John H. Lehman
We describe the use of a silicon photodiode trap detector and digital storage oscilloscope as an absolute laser pulse energy meter, capable of repetition rates of 85 Hz and 5% uncertainty (k = 2). The maximum repetition rate is limited by the decay time of