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Search Publications by: Michelle Stephens (Fed)

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 57

Compact total irradiance monitor: Flight demonstration

August 30, 2019
Author(s)
Dave Harber, John H. Lehman, Nathan A. Tomlin, Christopher Yung, Malcolm White, Zach Castleman, Ginger Drake, Samuel Van Dreser, Nat Farber, Karl Heurman, Joel Rutkowski, Alan Sims, Jacob Sprunck, Cameron Straatsma, Isaac Wanamaker, Wengang Zheng, Greg Kopp, P. Pilewskie, Michelle Stephens
The long-term balance between Earth's absorption of solar energy and emission of radiation to space is a fundamental climate measurement. Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been measured from space, uninterrupted, for the past 40 years via a series of

BABAR: Black Array of Broadband Absolute Radiometers for far infrared sensing

May 13, 2019
Author(s)
Christopher S. Yung, Nathan A. Tomlin, Cameron Straatsma, Joel Rutkowski, Erik Richard, Dave Harber, John H. Lehman, Michelle S. Stephens
Currently at NIST, there is an effort to develop a black array of broadband absolute radiometers (BABAR) for far infrared sensing. The linear array of radiometer elements is based on uncooled vanadium oxide (VOx) microbolometer pixel technology but with

Cryogenic Primary Standard for Optical Fibre Power Measurement

August 17, 2018
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, Zeus Ruiz, Christopher S. Yung, Igor Vayshenker, Nathan A. Tomlin, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman
NIST has completed commissioning a new, state-of-the-art cryogenic primary standard for optical fibre power measurement and calibration. It establishes for the first time, a direct traceability route between the device under test and primary standard. Two

Micromachined force balance for optical power measurement by radiation pressure sensing

August 6, 2018
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Paul A. Williams, Nathan A. Tomlin, Michelle S. Stephens, Matthew T. Spidell, Kyle A. Rogers, John H. Lehman
We introduce a micromachined force scale for laser power measurement by means of radiation pressure sensing. With this technique, the measured laser light is not absorbed and can be utilized while being measured. We employ silicon micromachining technology

Characterisation of New Planar Radiometric Detectors using Carbon Nanotube Absorbers under Development at NIST

June 13, 2018
Author(s)
Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Christopher S. Yung, Michelle S. Stephens, Ivan Ryger, Solomon I. Woods, John H. Lehman, Igor Vayshenker
Carbon nanotube technology, in conjunction with silicon micro-fabrication techniques, has enabled us to develop planar radiometric detectors, which has led to the establishment of a new generation of primary standards. The goal is to develop compact, fast

Reduction of Short Wavelength Reflectance of Multi-wall Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Through UV Laser Irradiation

May 29, 2018
Author(s)
Michelle S. Stephens, Brian J. Simonds, Christopher S. Yung, Davis R. Conklin, David J. Livigni, Alberto R. Oliva, John H. Lehman
Multi-wall carbon nanotube coatings are used as broadband, low-reflectance absorbers for bolometric applications, blackbody radiators, and for stray light control. Irradiation of single wall carbon nanotubes with UV laser light has been shown to remove

Carbon Nanotube-Based Black Coatings

February 15, 2018
Author(s)
John H. Lehman, Christopher S. Yung, Nathan A. Tomlin, Davis R. Conklin, Michelle S. Stephens
It has been shown that coatings comprised of carbon nanotubes are very black; that is, characterized by low reflectance over a broad wavelength range from the visible to far infrared. Arguably there is no other material that is comparable. This is

Geometric contributions to chopper wheel optical attenuation uncertainty

December 9, 2017
Author(s)
Matthew T. Spidell, Joshua A. Hadler, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman, Paul A. Williams
Calibrated reflective optical choppers are used in NIST’s high power laser calibration services due to their advantages in performance and safety over wedges and semi-transparent materials for beam power reduction. While the design, operation, and

Plasma modification of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: superhydrophobic surfaces with ultra- low reflectance

November 2, 2017
Author(s)
Christopher S. Yung, Nathan A. Tomlin, Karl Heuerman, Mark W. Keller, Malcolm G. White, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) are excellent broadband (UV–VIS–IR) absorbers of light that can be made even darker with plasma treatments. Modification of VACNTs using O2 and/or CF4 plasmas is shown to have a significant impact on the

Prototype Tests of a Miniature Radiation Pressure Sensor

July 2, 2017
Author(s)
Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Paul A. Williams, Nathan A. Tomlin, Ivan Ryger, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman
Using reflection, radiation pressure (RP) sensors provide a means for in-situ power measurement simply and accurately. The first realization of multi-kW RP power meters (RPPM) established a new paradigm of optical power measurement technology [1]. Our

Silicon Micromachined Capacitive Force Scale: The Way to Improved Radiation Pressure Sensing

July 2, 2017
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Paul A. Williams, Nathan A. Tomlin, Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Michelle S. Stephens, Matthew T. Spidell, John H. Lehman
Measurement of high optical power using radiation pressure sensing [1] is attractive for its non-absorbing power measurment allowing compact sensor dimensions, faster response times and negligible optical power dissipation compared to standard thermal

Noise characteristics of thermistors: measurement methods and results of selected devices

February 13, 2017
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Michelle S. Stephens, Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Matthew T. Spidell, John H. Lehman, Dave Harber
As part of the development of a spectrally-uniform room-temperature absolute radiometer, we have studied the electrical noise of several bulk chip thermistors in order to estimate the noise floor and optical dynamic range. Understanding the fundamental

A Planar Hyperblack Absolute Radiometer

November 14, 2016
Author(s)
John H. Lehman, Michelle S. Stephens, Malcolm G. White, Andreas Steiger, Christian Monte, Joerg Hollandt, Ivan Ryger, Mathias Kehrt, Marla L. Dowell
The absolute responsivity of a planar radiometer fabricated from micromachined silicon and having carbon nanotubes as the absorber and thermistor was measured in the visible and far infrared (free-field terahertz) wavelength range by means of detector