U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 4326 - 4350 of 74344

Ultraviolet Radiation Technologies and Healthcare Associated Infections: Standards and Metrology Needs

August 20, 2021
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, C Cameron Miller, Richard Martinello, Norman Horn, Michael T. Postek, Troy Cowan, Yaw S. Obeng, John J. Kasianowicz
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) hosted an international workshop on ultraviolet-C (UV-C) disinfection technologies on January 14 – 15, 2020 in Gaithersburg, Maryland in collaboration with the International Ultraviolet Association

MAUD Rietveld Refinement Software for Neutron Diffraction Texture Studies of Single and Dual-Phase Materials

August 19, 2021
Author(s)
Alec Saville, Emily Mitchell, Sven Vogel, Adam Abel Creuziger, Jake Benzing, Kester Clarke, Jonah Klemm-Toole, Amy Clarke
This work presents a detailed instructional demonstration using the Rietveld refinement software MAUD for evaluating the crystallographic texture of single- and dual-phase materials, as applied to High-Pressure-Preferred-Orientation (HIPPO) neutron

Mutual control of stochastic switching for two electrically coupled superparamagnetic tunnel junctions

August 19, 2021
Author(s)
Philippe Talatchian, Matthew Daniels, Advait Madhavan, Matthew Pufall, Emilie Jue, William Rippard, Jabez J. McClelland, Mark Stiles
Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are promising sources for the randomness required by some compact and energy-efficient computing schemes. Coupling them gives rise to collective behavior that could be useful for cognitive computing. We use a

Weyl-mediated helical magnetism in NdAlSi

August 19, 2021
Author(s)
Jonathan Gaudet, Hung-Yu Yang, Santu Baidya, Baozhu Lu, Guangyong Xu, Yang Zhao, Jose Rodriguez Rivera, Christina M. Hoffman, David E. Graf, Darius H. Torchinsky, Predrag Nikolic, David Vanderbilt, Fazel Tafti, Collin L. Broholm
Emergent relativistic quasiparticles in Weyl semimetals are the source of exotic electronic properties such as surface Fermi arcs, the anomalous Hall effect and negative magnetoresistance, all observed in real materials. Whereas these phenomena highlight

Assessing the Microscale Heterogeneity in Candidate Standard Reference Material 4600: Surrogate Post-detonation Urban Debris

August 18, 2021
Author(s)
Jacqueline L. Mann, John L. Molloy, Mark Tyra, Kevin Pfeuffer, Barbara Fallon, JoAnn Buscaglia
Nondestructive microbeam X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) spectrometry has been used to investigate the elemental microheterogeneity in a candidate nuclear forensics reference material (RM), NIST SRM 4600: Surrogate Post-detonation Urban Debris. Using a principal

Feasability and Performance Analysis of Automating Engineering Change Requests

August 18, 2021
Author(s)
Michael Sharp, Thomas D. Hedberg Jr., William Z. Bernstein, Soonjo Kwon
Engineering change is a non-value-added activity that happens as a product progresses through its lifecycle. Engineering change is a significant cost sink in many projects. While avoiding and mitigating the risk of change is the ideal approach, mistakes

Approaches for Federal Agencies to Use the Cybersecurity Framework

August 17, 2021
Author(s)
Jeffrey Marron, Victoria Yan Pillitteri, Jon M. Boyens, Stephen Quinn, Gregory Witte
The document highlights examples for implementing the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity (known as the Cybersecurity Framework) in a manner that complements the use of other NIST security and privacy risk management standards

Segmentation of Addictive Manufacturing Defects Using U-Net

August 17, 2021
Author(s)
Vivian Wong, Max Ferguson, Kincho Law, Yung-Tsun Lee, Paul Witherell
Additive manufacturing (AM) provides design flexibility and allows rapid fabrications of parts with complex geometries. The presence of internal defects, however, can lead to deficit performance of the fabricated part. X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) is a

Use of Traveling Wave Signatures in Medium Voltage Distribution Systems for fault detection and location

August 17, 2021
Author(s)
DJ Anand, Avi Gopstein, Kumaraguru Prabakar, Lucas Monzon, Akanksha Singh, Matthew Reynolds, Yashwanth Nag Velaga, Jonathan Maack, Soumya Tiwari, Jina Roy, Colin Tombari, Ismael Mendoza Carrillo, Xinshuo Yang, Spatika Iyengar, William John
Protection systems are a critical feature for the proper operation of an electric grid. Protection systems should be able to quickly detect, identify, locate, and isolate the faults within a time frame that prevents damage to grid components and reduces

Crystal Structure, Sorption Property and Electronic Structure of the Flexible MOF, (Ni-4,4'azopyridine)[Ni(CN)4]

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
Winnie Wong-Ng, Gregory T. McCandless, Jeffrey T. Culp, Matthew Lawson, Yu-Sheng Chen, Daniel Siderius, Lan Li
The flexible metal organic framework (MOF) compound, Ni(L)[Ni(CN)4], (L = 4,4'azopyridine (C10N4H8), nicknamed AzoPyr) is a 3D porous material that adopts the Hofmann-type structure. This paper reports our synthesis of Ni-AzoPyr and its structural, bonding

Development of the Advanced Encryption Standard

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
Miles E. Smid, James Foti
Strong cryptographic algorithms are essential for the protection of stored and transmitted data throughout the world. This publication discusses the development of Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS) 197, which specifies a

Enhanced Magnetic Interaction by Face-Shared Hydride Anions in 6H-BaCrO 2 H

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
Kentaro Higashi, Masayuki Ochi, Yusuke Nambu, Takafumi Yamamoto, Taito Murakami, Naoya Yamashina, Cedric Tassel, Yuki Matsumoto, Hiroshi Takatsu, Craig Brown, Hiroshi Kageyama
Studies on magnetic oxyhydrides have been almost limited to perovskite-based lattices with corner-sharing octahedra with a M‒H‒M (M: transition metal) angle of θ 180 °. Using a high-pressure method, we prepared BaCrO 2H with a 6H-type hexagonal perovskite

Statistics of Visual Features in the Human Iris

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
George W. Quinn, James Matey, Patrick J. Grother, Edward Watters
In most current applications of iris recognition, matching is done by computer algorithms. The dominant algorithms are based on the work of John Daugman and are well understood because of the extensive analysis in the literature of iris2pi (the shorthand

Demonstration of an all-in-one solution for fire safe upholstery furniture: A benign backcoating for smoldering and flame-resistant cover fabrics

August 15, 2021
Author(s)
Ickchan Kim, Andre Thompson, Sung Chan Kim, Anthony Hamins, Matthew Bundy, Shonali Nazare, Rick D. Davis, Mauro Zammarano
The development of fire prevention and mitigation technologies with a benign toxicological and environmental profile has become of particular interest in the USA due to the recent adoption of state regulations that severely restrict the use of flame

Influence of solidification structure on austenite to martensite transformation in additively manufactured hot-work tool steels

August 15, 2021
Author(s)
Chia-Ying Chou, Niklas H. Pettersson, Durga A, Fan Zhang, Christos Oikonomou, Annika Borgenstam, Joakim Odqvist, Greta Lindwall
The microstructure of a hot-work tool steel additively manufactured using laser powder-bed fusion (L-PBF), and its response to post heat treatment, is studied in detail by microstructure characterization and computational thermodynamics and kinetics. The

Advances in Production Management Systems: Issues, Trends, and Vision Towards 2030

August 13, 2021
Author(s)
Boonserm Kulvatunyou, David Romero, Gregor V. Cieminski, Paolo Gaiardelli, Ilkyeong Moon, Giuditta Pezzotta, Stefan Wiesner, Marco Macchi, Jannicke B. Hauge, Irene Roda, Daryl Powell, Torbj?rn Netland, Nick Szirbik, Christoph Roser, Erlend Alfnes, Martin Rudberg
Since its inception in 1978, the IFIP Working Group 5.7 on Advances in Production Management Systems (APMS) has played an active role in the conception, development, and application of innovative strategies, frameworks, architectures, processes, methods
Displaying 4326 - 4350 of 74344