U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 4351 - 4375 of 74345

Near-Infrared Emitting Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Carbon Dots from Endogenous Bile Pigments

August 12, 2021
Author(s)
Parinaz Fathi, Parikshit Moitra, Madeleine M. McDonald, Mandy Esch, Dipanjan Pan
Careful selection of carbon dot precursors and surface modification techniques has allowed for the development of carbon dots with strong near-infrared fluorescence emission. However, the rational selection of tetrapyrrolic carbon dot precursors to obtain

NIST-NOAA Survey Tool for Business Disruption and Recovery Associated With Extreme Events: General Instrument Applied to the Beaumont and Port Arthur, Texas Small- and Medium-Sized Business and Nonprofit Organizations Community Post-Hurricane Harvey

August 12, 2021
Author(s)
Michelle Meyer, Joy Semien, Jennifer Helgeson
To gather more in-depth information about how disasters affect businesses and nonprofits, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a study of business disruption and

Polarized X-ray scattering measures molecular orientation in polymer-grafted nanoparticles

August 12, 2021
Author(s)
Subhrangsu Mukherjee, Dean DeLongchamp, Eliot Gann, Daniel Sunday, Lee J. Richter, Jason Streit, Richard A. Vaia, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Kumar Saurabh, Adarsh Krishnamurthy
Polymer chains are attached to nanoparticle surfaces for many purposes, including altering solubility, influencing aggregation, dispersion, and even tailoring immune responses in drug delivery. The most unique structural motif of polymer-grafted

Quantitative Electron-Excited X-ray Microanalysis with Low Energy L-Peaks

August 12, 2021
Author(s)
Dale E. Newbury, Nicholas Ritchie
Quantitative electron-excited X-ray microanalysis that follows the standards-based intensity ratio method produces accurate results and an analytical total near unity based upon extensive testing on known materials. This paper investigates a significant

Relationship between Viscosity and Acyl Tail Dynamics in Lipid Bilayers

August 12, 2021
Author(s)
Michihiro Nagao, Elizabeth Kelley, Antonio Faraone, Makina Saito, Yoshitaka Yoda, Masayuki Kurokuzu, Shinichi Takata, Makoto Seto, Paul Butler
Membrane viscosity is a fundamental property that controls molecular transport and structural rearrangements in lipid membranes. Given its importance in many cell processes, various experimental and computational methods have been developed to measure the

'Passwords Keep Me Safe' - Understanding What Children Think about Passwords

August 11, 2021
Author(s)
Mary Theofanos, Yee-Yin Choong
Children use technology from a very young age, and often have to authenticate. The goal of this study is to explore children's practices, perceptions, and knowledge regarding passwords. Given the limited work to date and that the world's cyber posture and

Ionization and Structural Properties of mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles that Influence Expression in Intramuscular and Intravascular Administration

August 11, 2021
Author(s)
Manuel Carrasco, Suman Alishetty, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Hooda Said, Lacey Wright, Mikell Paige, Ousamah Soliman, Drew Weissman, Thomas Cleveland, Alexander Grishaev, Michael Buschmann
Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) are used to deliver siRNA and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The main factor known to determine their delivery efficiency is the pKa of the LNP containing an ionizable lipid. Herein, we report a method that can predict the LNP pKa from

On the Multiplicative Complexity of Cubic Boolean Functions

August 11, 2021
Author(s)
Meltem Sonmez Turan, Rene Peralta
Multiplicative complexity is a relevant complexity measure for many advanced cryptographic protocols such as multi-party computation, fully homomorphic encryption, and zero-knowledge proofs, where processing AND gates is more expensive than processing XOR

Measurement Uncertainty of Surface Temperature Distributions for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processes

August 10, 2021
Author(s)
David Deisenroth, Sergey Mekhontsev, Brandon Lane, Leonard M. Hanssen, Ivan Zhirnov, Vladimir Khromchenko, Steven Grantham, Daniel Cardenas-Garcia, Alkan Donmez
This paper describes advances in measuring the characteristic spatial distribution of surface temperature and emissivity during laser-metal interaction under conditions relevant for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing processes. Detailed

E 8 Spectra of Quasi-One-Dimensional Antiferromagnet BaCo 2 V 2 O 8 under Transverse Field

August 9, 2021
Author(s)
Haiyuan Zou, Y. Cui, Xiao Wang, Z. Zhang, J. Yang, Guangyong Xu, A. Okutani, M. Hagiwara, M. Matsuda, G. Wang, Giuseppe Mussardo, K. Hodsagi, M. Kormos, Zhangzhen He, S. Kimura, Rong Yu, Weiqiang Yu, Jie Ma, Jianda Wu
Exotic excitations can emerge in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition. When the quantum critical point of the one-dimensional (1D) transverse field Ising model is perturbed by a longitudinal magnetic field, it was predicted that its massive

Evaluating the Effects of Structural Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7

August 9, 2021
Author(s)
Eli Zoghlin, Julian Schmehr, Collin Holgate, Rebecca Dally, Yaohua Liu, Geneva Laurita, Stephen Wilson
Motivated by the variation in reported lattice parameters of floating-zone-grown Nd 2Zr 2O 7 crystals, we have performed a detailed study of the relationship between synthesis environment, structural disorder, and magnetic properties. Using a combination

Porous Covalent Organic Polymers for Efficient Fluorocarbon-Based Adsorption Cooling

August 9, 2021
Author(s)
Jian Zheng, Mohammad Wahiduzzman, Dushyant Barpaga, Benjamin Trump, Oliver T. Gutierrez, Praveen Thallapally, Shengqian Ma, B. P. McGrail, Guillaume Maurin, Radha K. Motkuri
We report the first exploration of fluorocarbon adsorption performances using defect-containing covalent–organic frameworks (COFs). Exceptionally high fluorocarbon R134a equilibrium capacities and unique overall linear-shaped isotherms are attributed to

Getting Started with the NIST Cybersecurity Framework: A Quick Start Guide

August 6, 2021
Author(s)
Amy Mahn, Daniel Topper, Stephen Quinn, Jeffrey Marron
This document intends to provide direction and guidance to those organizations – in any sector or community – seeking to improve cybersecurity risk management via utilization of the NIST Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity
Displaying 4351 - 4375 of 74345