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Displaying 376 - 400 of 1719

Reducing Block Copolymer Interfacial Widths through Polymer Additives

February 10, 2015
Author(s)
Daniel F. Sunday, Regis J. Kline
There is a need to design new materials to achieve smaller pitches and reduced interfacial widths for use in the nanopatterning of block copolymers (BCPs). One option is the use of blends, where the addition of a homopolymer which selectively associates to

New Insights into Subsurface Imaging of Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Composites via Scanning Electron Microscopy

February 4, 2015
Author(s)
Minhua Zhao, Bin Ming, Jae-Woo Kim, Luke J. Gibbons, Xiaohong Gu, Tinh Nguyen, Cheol Park, Peter T. Lillehei, John S. Villarrubia, Andras Vladar, James A. Liddle
Despite many studies of subsurface imaging of carbon nanotube (CNT)-polymer composites via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), significant controversy exists concerning the imaging depth and contrast mechanisms. We studied CNT-polyimide composites and, by

In-situ Characterization of Polymer-Fullerene Bilayer Stability

January 8, 2015
Author(s)
Lee J. Richter, Regis J. Kline, Hyun Wook Ro, Chad R. Snyder, Andrew A. Herzing, Sebastian Engmann
A consensus is emerging that every phase present in a bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic (OPV) device is not material pure. In general, there will exist at least one region characterized by a mixture of donor and acceptor. Significant insights into

A study of the adhesive foot of the gecko

November 14, 2014
Author(s)
Elmar Kroner, Chelsea S. Davis
In recent years, hundreds of scientific studies have been published regarding gecko-inspired adhesives. The primary reason for this increasing interest lies in the unique properties which are combined in the adhesive system of the gecko: this natural

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter, Spring, and Fall 1994 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robins XXX, XXXI, and XXXII Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robins 5 and 6 Ascorbic Acid in Huma

October 30, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, Margaret C. Kline, Katherine E. Sharpless, S A. Margolis
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes

Prediction and Validation of Diffusion Coefficients in a Model Drug Delivery System Using Microsecond Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Vapor Sorption Analysis

October 21, 2014
Author(s)
Christopher Forrey, D M. Saylor, Joshua S. Silverstein, Jack F. Douglas, Eric Davis, Yossef A. Elabd
Diffusion of small to medium sized molecules in polymeric medical device materials underlies a broad range of public health concerns related to unintended leaching from or uptake into implantable medical devices. Knowledge of diffusion rates is thus

Foam Composite Specifications and Qualification in Support of NIJ 0115.00

September 8, 2014
Author(s)
Aaron M. Forster, Emilien J. Guigues, Amanda L. Forster, Jeffrey M. Davis, Kirk D. Rice
A laminate foam composite is recommended in the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) 0115.00 standard as the backing material for testing stab resistant body armor. The foam specification originated from early work to match force-displacement profiles from

The effect of protein corona composition on the interaction of carbon nanotubes with human blood platelets

August 1, 2014
Author(s)
Silvia H. De Paoli Lacerda, Lukas Diduch, Tseday Tegegn, Martina Orecna, Michael Strader, Elena Karnaukhova, John E. Bonevich, Abdu Alayash, Karel Holada, Jan Simak
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are one of the most promising nanomaterials for use in medicine. Applications of CNT in drug/gene delivery, diagnostics and tissue engineering, among other applications, require contact of CNT with blood. Therefore, evaluation of

Toxicity of carboxylated carbon nanotubes in endothelial cells is attenuated by stimulation of the autophagic flux associated with the release of nanomaterial in autophagic vesicles

July 1, 2014
Author(s)
Martina Orecna, Silvia De Paoli Lacerda, Olga Janouskova, Tseday Tegegn, Marcela Filapova, John E. Bonevich, Jan Simak
Here, we present a new method for the pharmacological modulation of the vascular toxicity of carbon nanotubes. We report that carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) induce autophagosome accumulation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial

Viscoelastic Characterization of Fusion Processing in Bimodal Polyethylene Blends

June 2, 2014
Author(s)
Aaron M. Forster, Wei-Lun Ho, Kar T. Tan, Donald L. Hunston
Polyethylene is an advantageous material for the construction of buried pipelines. It is corrosion resistant, seismic tolerant, and utilizes low cost installation methods. Pipe sections are often joined using thermal fusion processes. The strength of the

DNA-based Nanocomposite Bio-Coatings for Fire Retarding Polyurethane Foam

May 2, 2014
Author(s)
Yu-Chin Li, Yeon S. Kim, John R. Shields, Rick D. Davis
Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembled multilayer thin films of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), chitosan (CHI), and montmorillonite (MMT), were studied in an effort to produce fully renewable, bio-based fire retardant coatings for flexible polyurethane foam. The PUF

Combinatorial Cassette for Screening of Osteogenesis by Transplanted Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

April 19, 2014
Author(s)
Subhadip Bodhak, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Carl G. Simon Jr., Luis Fernandez de Castro Diaz, Pamela G. Robey, Sergei A. Kuznetsov, Tina Kilts, Marian F. Young
The use of in vivo transplantation assays under defined experimental conditions has become a valuable standard for evaluating osteogenic potential of different stem cell populations and is the subject of ongoing pre-clinical reconstructive therapy research

Evaluation of the effect of donor variability on stem cell response to biomaterials

April 19, 2014
Author(s)
Stephen J. Florczyk, Bryan A. Baker, Sumona Sarkar, Jennifer H. McDaniel, Patrick S. Pine, Marc L. Salit, Carl G. Simon Jr.
Previous research from our group indicated that nanofiber scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) and similar gene expression to osteogenic supplement (OS) induced osteogenic differentiation [1]. Biological

Measuring Organelle Shape in 3D in Stem Cells Cultured on Nanofiber Scaffolds

April 19, 2014
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Peter Bajcsy, Wojtek J. Tutak, Jyotsnendu J. Giri
Previous work has demonstrated that culture of osteoprogenitor cells on nanofiber scaffolds can potentiate osteogenic differentiation [1-4]. Culture of cells in nanofiber scaffolds causes changes to cell morphology, suggesting that morphological changes

Comparison of the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Isolated From Bacteria, Tunicate, and Wood Processed Using Acid, Enzymatic, Mechanical, and Oxidative Methods

April 18, 2014
Author(s)
Iulia A. Sacui, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Ryan C. Nieuwendaal, Stephan J. Stranick, Henryk Szmacinski, Mehdi Jorfi, Christopher Weder, Johan Foster, Richard Olsson, Daniel Burnett
This work describes the study and characterization of native cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils (CNCs, CNFs), whose crystallinity, morphology, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry depend on the raw material source and hydrolysis conditions. Measurement

Measuring Stem Cell Dimensionality in Tissue Scaffolds

April 1, 2014
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Sapun Parekh, Christopher K. Tison, Girish Kumar, Tanya M. Farooque, Charles H. Camp
Many 3D scaffold systems have evolved for tissue engineering, drug screening and in vitro tissue models. However, it is not clear which scaffolds provide a 3D cell niche and there is no clear way to measure cell niche dimensionality. Advances in 3D niche

Hydrodynamic Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes and Characterization of Length Distributions

February 28, 2014
Author(s)
Carlos A. Silvera Batista, Ming Zheng, Constantine Y. Khripin, Xiaomin X. Tu, Jeffrey Fagan
The sedimentation behavior of SWCNTs was studied through analytical ultracentrifugation. SWCNTs were dispersed with the aid of surfactants, doubly sorted by density and length to produce samples with invariant diameter distributions and aspect ratios that

Micro-Deformation in the Fracture of a Toughened Epoxy

February 24, 2014
Author(s)
Donald Hunston, Cyril Clerici, Aurelien Blond, Aaron M. Forster
Thermoset resins are used in many composites and structural adhesives because they have excellent proper-ties. Unfortunately, they tend to be quite brittle. Over the last 50 years, there has been a major effort to improve the toughness of thermosets, and
Displaying 376 - 400 of 1719