U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications by: Samuel P. Benz (Fed)

Search Title, Abstract, Conference, Citation, Keyword or Author
Displaying 101 - 125 of 277

Method for Ensuring Accurate AC Waveforms with Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards

June 1, 2013
Author(s)
Charles J. Burroughs, Alain Rufenacht, Samuel Benz, Paul Dresselhaus
The amplitudes of stepwise-approximated sine waves generated by programmable Josephson voltage standards (PJVS) are not intrinsically accurate because the transitions between the quantized voltages depend on numerous conditions. We have developed a method

A 10 V programmable Josephson voltage standard and its applications for voltage metrology

September 3, 2012
Author(s)
Yi-hua D. Tang, Vijay Ojha, Stephan Schlamminger, Alain Rufenacht, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
The concept of a programmable Josephson voltage standard was first proposed in 1997. Since then a significant amount of research and development work has been devoted to the fabrication of the programmable Josephson junction array and its deployment in a

A Digital-to-Analog Converter with a Voltage Standard Reference

July 1, 2012
Author(s)
Alain Rufenacht, Charles J. Burroughs, Samuel Benz, Paul Dresselhaus
Commercially available 20-bit digital to analog converters (DACs) have the potential to impact the field of low frequency voltage metrology. We measured a linearity of ±6 µV (±0.6 µV/V full scale) over the 10 V range for such a DAC with a Zener voltage

Flat frequency response in the electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant

July 1, 2012
Author(s)
Jifeng Qu, Samuel Benz, Yang Fu, Jianqiang Zhang, Horst Rogalla, Alessio Pollarolo
A new quantum voltage calibrated Johnson noise thermometer (JNT) was developed at NIM to demonstrate the electrical approach that determines the Boltzmann constant k by comparing electrical and thermal noise power. A measurement with integration period of

Method for Ensuring Accurate AC Waveforms with Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards

July 1, 2012
Author(s)
Charles J. Burroughs, Alain Rufenacht, Samuel P. Benz, Paul D. Dresselhaus
The amplitudes of stepwise-approximated sine waves produced by programmable Josephson voltage standards (PJVSs) are not intrinsically accurate because the transitions between the quantized voltages depend on numerous conditions. We have developed a method

Quantum-based Voltage Waveform Synthesis

November 11, 2011
Author(s)
Samuel P. Benz
More than a decade of research and development was required to practically exploit the quantum behavior of superconducting Josephson junctions for ac applications. Sine waves and arbitrary waveforms had to be synthesized with sufficiently large voltage

An electronic measurement of the Boltzmann constant

March 30, 2011
Author(s)
Samuel P. Benz, Alessio Pollarolo, Jifeng Qu, Horst Rogalla, Chiharu Urano, Weston L. Tew, Paul D. Dresselhaus, D. R. White
The Boltzmann constant was measured by comparing the Johnson noise of a resistor at the triple point of water with a quantum-based voltage reference signal generated with a superconducting Josephson-junction waveform synthesizer. The measured value of k =

Practical Operation of Cryogen-free Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards

February 17, 2011
Author(s)
Robert E. Schwall, David Zilz, Jeffrey Power, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
Cryogen-free operation is rapidly becoming the preferred implementation of programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) systems. There are strong operational incentives for using the smallest possible cryocooler in order to minimize acoustic noise

Design of the NIST 10V programmable Josephson voltage standard system

January 13, 2011
Author(s)
Charles J. Burroughs, Paul Dresselhaus, Alain Rufenacht, David I. Olaya, Mike Elsbury, Yi-hua D. Tang, Samuel Benz
NIST has developed and implemented a new Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) that operates at 10 V. This next-generation system is optimized for both dc metrology and stepwise-approximated ac voltage measurements for frequencies up to a few

Reduced Nonlinearity Effect on the Electronic Measurement of the Boltzmann Constant

January 10, 2011
Author(s)
Jifeng Qu, Samuel Benz, Alessio Pollarolo, Horst Rogalla
NIST has developed a quantum voltage noise source (QVNS) calibrated Johnson noise thermometer (JNT) to provide a new electronic measurement technique for determining the Boltzmann constant. Improvements in electronics and synthesized noise waveforms have

Development of a Four-channel System for Johnson Noise Thermometry

December 30, 2010
Author(s)
Alessio Pollarolo, Chiharu Urano, Paul Dresselhaus, Jifeng Qu, Horst Rogalla, Samuel Benz
Long integration time is necessary to reach low uncertainty when measuring temperature through Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT). The main goal of the NIST JNT experiment is to achieve a 6×10-6 relative uncertainty in the measurement of the water triple

Multitone Waveform Synthesis with a Quantum Voltage Noise Source

November 9, 2010
Author(s)
Samuel P. Benz, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Charles J. Burroughs
We have developed a quantum voltage noise source (QVNS) based on pulse-driven Josephson arrays and optimized its waveform synthesis for use with Johnson noise thermometry (JNT). The QVNS synthesizes multitone waveforms with equal amplitude harmonic tones

10 Volt Programmable Josephson voltage standard circuits using NbSi-barrier junctions

October 28, 2010
Author(s)
Paul D. Dresselhaus, Mike Elsbury, David I. Olaya, Charles J. Burroughs, Samuel P. Benz
Programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) circuits were developed that operate at 16 GHz to 20 GHz with operating margins larger than 1 mA. Two circuit designs were demonstrated each having a total of ~ 300,000 junctions, which were divided into

Design of the NIST 10 V programmable Josephson voltage standard system

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Charles J. Burroughs, Paul Dresselhaus, Alain Rufenacht, Mike Elsbury, Samuel Benz
NIST has developed and implemented a new Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) that operates at 10 V. This next-generation system is optimized for both dc metrology and stepwise-approximated ac voltage measurements for frequencies up to a few

Development and investigation of intrinsically shunted junction series arrays for ac Josephson voltage standards

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Johannes Kohlmann, Franz Mueller, Oliver F. kieler, D. Schleussner, B Egeling, Ralf Behr, David I. Olaya, Paul Dresselhaus, Samuel Benz
Different types of intrinsically shunted Josephson junctions have been developed and inves¬tigated for ac voltage standard applications at PTB. The first type for generation of voltages up to 10 V is driven by a 70 GHz sinusoidal microwave signal and

Development of a Four-channel System for Johnson Noise Thermometry

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Alessio Pollarolo, Jifeng Qu, Horst Rogalla, Paul Dresselhaus, Samuel Benz
Long integration time is necessary to reach low uncertainty when measuring temperature through Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT). The main goal of the NIST JNT experiment is to achieve a 6 10-6 relative uncertainty in the measurement of the water triple

Establishing an ac Josephson voltage standard at NRC

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Piotr S. Filipski, M. Boecker, Samuel Benz, Charles J. Burroughs
NRC recently established an AC Josephson Voltage Standard (ACJVS) system based on a NIST pulse-driven Josephson-junction array. This paper describes the efforts undertaken at NRC and the experience that was gained. An experimental method of measuring

Microwave Optimization of 10 V PJVS Circuits

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Paul D. Dresselhaus, Mike Elsbury, Charles J. Burroughs, Samuel P. Benz
Proper operation of programmable Josephson voltage standard arrays depends on the uniform distribution of microwaves to a large number of Josephson junctions. Too much or too little microwave power will change the current range of a junction s constant

Reduced Nonlinearities in the NIST Johnson Noise Thermometry System

June 13, 2010
Author(s)
Jifeng Qu, Samuel Benz, Alessio Pollarolo, Horst Rogalla
Improved electronics and synthesized noise waveforms for the NIST quantum-voltage-standard- calibrated Johnson noise thermometer (JNT) have lead to reduced uncertainty in the temperature measurement. Recent measurements show that some of the distortion in