OSAC Lexicon

A group of individuals working on behalf of an interested party to conduct an investigation into the incident.

In MS, the ratio of the instrument responses between two previously identified diagnostic ions.

In MS, the ratio of the instrument responses between two previously identified diagnostic ions.

in mass spectrometry, the ratio of the instrument responses between two previously identified diagnostic ions

The physicochemical process of producing a gas-phase ion. In the mass spectrometer this typically occurs within the ion source. Several mechanisms of ionization exist such as chemical and electron ionization.

The physicochemical process of producing a gas-phase ion. In the mass spectrometer this typically occurs within the ion source. Several mechanisms of ionization exist such as chemical and electron ionization.

physicochemical process of producing a gas-phase ion

NOTE This typically occurs within the ion source in the mass spectrometer. Several mechanisms of ionization exist, such as chemical and electron ionization.

International Phonetic Alphabet

Iris Exchange Program. This is a program at NIST in support of iris-based applicationsbased on standardized interoperable iris imagery. See http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/irex.cfm

A thin, colored, approximately circular structure surrounding the pupil of the eye thatcontains features used for identification of individuals.

Not pertinent or applicable to the subject, material, or question being considered. The consideration may be broad (i.e., discipline level) or specific (i.e., task level). (NIST HF)

International Organization for Standardization.

A line on a diagram connecting points of equal char depth.

A method of separating amphoteric molecules with minor differences in isoelectric points (pI). IEF can be used with several different enzyme systems including Phosphoglucose Isomerase (PGI), Erythrocyte Acid Phosphatase (EAP), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) or Tetrazolium Oxidase (TO), Albumin (in conjunction with Western Blot), Mannose Phosphate Isomerase (MPI), Carbonic Anhydrase I (CAI) and Hemoglobin (Hb).

compounds that have the same elemental formula but have different structural configurations and thus different physical and/or chemical properties

Isomers having the same number of each isotopic atom but differing in their positions.

Object, substance or material that is collected, derived, or sampled as part of the forensic process.

[An] object, substance, or material that is collected, derived, or sampled as part of the forensic process. (ISO 21043-1:2018)

object of inspection (3.1) to which the specified requirements for the inspection apply 

Note 1 to entry: The term “item” is used in this document to encompass product, process, service, material, location, facility, premises, installation, or parts of thereof, or their design, as appropriate. 

Note 2 to entry: The object of inspection can be a group of objects or a single object.

 Note 3 to entry: An item can be inspected at any stages, e.g. design stage, type examination, initial inspection, in-service inspection or under surveillance.

Note 4 to entry: Inspection of processes can include personnel, facilities, technology or methodology.

Acronym for the Information Technology Laboratory of NIST. Seehttp://www.nist.gov/itl/

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. See http://www.iupac.org

JPEG File Interchange Format. See http://www.jpeg.org

A statement that describes a specific job task, lists the items necessary to complete the task, and defines measurable or observable outcomes and evaluation areas for the specific task.

The preferred SI unit of heat, energy, or work. A joule is the heat produced when one ampere is passed through a resistance of one ohm for one second, or it is the work required to move a distance of one meter against a force of one newton. There are 4.184 joules in a calorie, and 1055 joules in a British thermal unit (Btu). A watt is a joule/second. [See also British Thermal Unit (Btu), and Calorie.]

Image compression and storage format specified by the Joint Photographic ExpertsGroup. It is discrete cosine transform-based.

Image compression and storage format specified by the Joint Photographic ExpertsGroup. It is a wavelet-based method.

(1) Legal authority to make legal decisions and judgments regarding a death, including performance of autopsy, as well as investigation and certification of cause and manner of death. 

(2) Geographic area in which a medical examiner or coroner’s authority applies.

A trial where jurors sit as the trier of fact.

The trained person who undertakes husbandry duties.

The notch or groove in bone, tooth, or cartilage made by an object that is edged, pointed, or beveled.

A verbal or physical action by the canine handler which causes a detector canine to change its actions or to respond to an area or item whether target odor/scent is present or not. (See cueing.)

A measurement of energy release rate.

See ignition temperature.

The level of information, qualifications, and experience needed to perform assigned tasks. Knowledge refers to acquired principles and practices related to a particular job; skills refer to acquired psychomotor behaviors; and abilities are talents, observable behaviors, or acquired dexterity.

Of established origin associated with the matter under investigation. (SWGDOC E01) (ASTM E1732)

Toolmarks or specimens known to have been made by different tools or different working surfaces of the same tool.

Toolmarks or specimens known to have been made by the same tool.

Biological material for which the identity of the donor is established and used for comparison purposes.