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Displaying 976 - 1000 of 1856

SUSTAINABLE FLAME RETARDANTS: BIO-DERIVED PRODUCTS AS INTUMESCING MATERIALS

February 2, 2011
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Douglas M. Fox, Szabolcs Matko, Takashi Kashiwagi, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Rick D. Davis
Scientists are shifting their attention towards technology sustainability and sustainable materials, specifically in terms of energy and environmental impacts. The flame retardant community is also more concerned about these aspects. The recent banning of

Directed 2D-to-3D pattern transfer method for controlled fabrication of topologically complex three- dimensional nanostructures in silicon

February 1, 2011
Author(s)
Konrad Rykaczewski, Owen J. Hildreth, Ching P. Wong, Andrei G. Fedorov, John H. Scott
A process allowing for control over the 3D motion of catalyst nanostructures during Metal-assisted Chemical Etching by their local pinning prior to etching is developed. Topologically complex 3D structures that are partially located within the etched

Electron Beam Induced Growth of TiO2 Nanostructures

February 1, 2011
Author(s)
Renu Sharma
We report the evolution of TiO2 nanostructures when Au nanoparticles, supported on single crystal TiO2 substrates, were heated in ~2 Torr of flowing O2 in an environmental transmission electron microscope. Nanostructures with different morphologies were

Far Infrared Characterization of Single and Double Walled Carbon Nanotubes

January 17, 2011
Author(s)
Shin G. Chou, Zeeshan Ahmed, Georgy Samsonidze, Jing Kong, Mildred Dresselhaus
Variable temperature high resolution far infrared absorption measurements were carried out for single walled carbon nanotubes samples with different diameter distributions. At a temperature where kBT is significantly lower than the phonon energy, the broad

Influence of substrate on crystallization in polythiophene/fullerene blends

January 13, 2011
Author(s)
Lee J. Richter, Christine He, David Germack, R Joseph Kline, Dean DeLongchamp, Daniel A. Fischer, Chad R. Snyder, James G. Kushmerick
The nanoscale morphology of the active layer in organic, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is crucial to device performance. Often a combination of casting conditions and post deposition thermal treatment are used to optimize the morphology. In general

Comment on Viscoelastic properties of con ned polymer lms measured via thermal wrinkling by Edwin P. Chan, Kirt A. Page, Se Hyuk Im, Derek L. Patton, Rui Huang and Christopher M. Stafford, Soft Matter (Communications), 5, 4638 4641 (2009).

January 11, 2011
Author(s)
Paul A. O'Connell, Greg B. McKenna, Edwin Chan, Christopher Stafford
Recently Chan et al. published a paper describing a method to use the wrinkling of a thin elastic film on which is adhered a thin polymer film to extract the viscoelastic properties of the polymer. Results were presented for the rubbery plateau modulus and

Geometric Magnetoresistance Mobility Extraction in Highly Scaled Transistors

January 3, 2011
Author(s)
Jason P. Campbell, Kin P. Cheung, Liangchun (. Yu, John S. Suehle, Kuang Sheng, A Oates
Geometric magnetoresistance provides a promising solution to the difficult challenges associated with channel mobility extraction in nano-scale transistors. However, this technique requires significant experimental considerations which are uncommon in most

Size Measurement of Nanoparticles using Atomic Force Microscopy

January 1, 2011
Author(s)
Jaroslaw Grobelny, Frank W. DelRio, Pradeep Namboodiri, Doo-In Kim, Vincent A. Hackley, Robert F. Cook
This chapter outlines procedures for sample preparation and the determination of nanoparticle size using atomic force microscopy (AFM). To start, procedures for dispersing gold nanoparticles on various surfaces such that they are suitable for imaging and

Zone-Refinement Effect in Small Molecule-Polymer Blend Semiconductors for Organic Thin Film Transistors

December 14, 2010
Author(s)
Yeon Sook Chung, Nayool Shin, Jihoon Kang, Youngeun Jo, Vivek Prabhu, Regis J. Kline, John E. Anthony, Do Y. Yoon
The blend films of small molecule semiconductors with insulating polymers exhibit not only an excellent solution processability, but also superior performance characteristics (field-effect mobility, on/off ratio, threshold voltage and stability) over those

Mapping Crystal Orientation in High Performance Thienothiophene Copolymer Thin Films

December 8, 2010
Author(s)
Xinran Zhang, Steven D. Hudson, Dean M. DeLongchamp, David J. Gundlach, Martin Heeney, Iain McCulloch
Mapping of crystalline grain orientation for solution-processed semiconducting polymer thin films is key to understanding charge transport in electronic devices based on them and yet challenging. In this work, a high mobility thienothiophene copolymer

The Role of High-Field Stress in the Negative Bias Temperature Instability

December 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jason P. Campbell, Kin P. Cheung, John S. Suehle, A Oates
In this study, a fast drain current measurement methodology which supports the standard threshold voltage and transconductance extractions associated with the fast dynamic negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) is presented. Using this methodology

Lateral Uniformity in Chemical Composition along a Buried Reaction Front in Polymers

November 15, 2010
Author(s)
Kristopher Lavery, Vivek Prabhu, Sushil K. Satija, Wen-Li Wu
Off-specular neutron reflectometry was applied to characterize the form and amplitude of lateral compositional variations at a buried reaction-diffusion front. In this work, off-specular neutron measurements were first calibrated using off-specular X-ray

Instabilities as a Measurement Tool for Soft Materials

November 2, 2010
Author(s)
John A. Howarter, Christopher Stafford
Mechanical instabilities such as wrinkles, creases, and folds have long been viewed as a source of frustration for engineers and often a point of curiosity among scientists. Scientists aspire to understand the underlying physics behind the formation of

Effect of 3D Hydrogel Scaffold Stiffness on Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Differentiation

November 1, 2010
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Sapun Parekh, Marcus T. Cicerone, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Kaushik Chatterjee, Marian F. Young
There is growing recognition cells can sense and respond to the mechanical properties of tissue scaffolds and that these interactions are critical in optimizing scaffold design [1-4]. Previous studies in planar 2D culture format have shown that human bone

Investigation of Thermally Responsive Block Copolymer Thin Film Morphologies Using Surface Gradients

October 20, 2010
Author(s)
Jennifer Y. Kelly, Julie N. Albert, John A. Howarter, Shuhui Kang, Christopher Stafford, Thomas H. Epps, Michael J. Fasolka
We report the use of a gradient library approach to characterize the structure and behavior of thin films of a thermally-responsive block copolymer (BCP), poly(styrene-b-tert-butyl acrylate), that exhibits chemical deprotection and morphological changes
Displaying 976 - 1000 of 1856