OSAC Lexicon

A standard two-dimensional image illuminated and captured in the visible wave lengths (380 to 780 nm). This definition is specific to this standard other references may refer to images captured using non-visible wavelengths converted to visible wavelengths as photographic images, but they are not so classified for purposes of this standard. A photographic image is conveyed in a Type-10 record (unless it is an iris image conveyed in Type-17, or a friction ridge image conveyed in one of Types 4, 13, 14, 15, or 19). A non-photographic image is conveyed in a Type-22 record. Original source images are conveyed in Type-20 records and non-biometric associated context images are conveyed in Type-21 records, regardless of the format or source of the image.

Luminescence produced by the absorption of radiant flux; distinguished from ordinary reflection by a time delay and, usually, a shift toward longer wavelengths (see fluorescence and phosphorescence). (CIE S 017/E:2011 ILV)

Surface topography measurement method in computer vision for measuring the surface normals ofa surface by observing that surface under different lighting conditions. Given sufficient independentlight sources, the surface normals, and thus surface geometry, can be determined for every positionon the surface.

A criterion used to guide the selection of species for comparative analysis and species determination; the selection of species is based on genetic relatedness.

Branch of biology that focuses on the reconstruction of evolutionary history and patterns of relationships among organisms.

A branching diagram that illustrates putative relationships amongst organisms. 

NOTE Phylograms are typically generated using genetic sequences and/or morphological characters.

A tree-like branching diagram that depicts the hypothesized evolutionary history among a group of organisms. The tips of the branches represent groups of descendant taxa, whereas the intersections between branches represent common ancestors.

Any external storage material of the voice signal and content information in eitheranalog or digital form. Examples include reel-to-reel recording tape, cassette tape,Compact Disc, and phonograph record.

Ink jet technology where the electrically stimulated deformation of a crystal causes the expulsion of the droplets from the ink chamber. (SWGDOC E06)

a hair disorder causing hairs to appear ringed or banded due to the alternating light and dark bands in the hair shaft. The dark bands are a manifestation of abnormal air spaces in the cortex.

See ignition temperature.

A small area of surviving original surface within an angled projectile impact that is located at the initial contact point. 

NOTE The pinch is useful in establishing the entrance side of the projectile impact.

Small defects in the surface of the photoreceptor that produce spots or voids on the printout. (ASTM F1457)

Personal Identity Verification.

Small single-colored square display elements that comprise a bitmap.

A grainy or blurry effect caused by displaying a bitmap or a section of a bitmap at such a large size that individual pixels are visible.

The measure of resolution in a digital image or video display.

A fingerprint image resulting from the touching of one or more fingers to a livescanplaten or paper fingerprint card without any rolling motion.

Small discs randomly distributed within the fibers or on the surface of security paper during the paper manufacturing process.

A method in which the image and non-image areas of the printing plate are on the same plane.

The friction ridge skin on the feet (soles and toes).

Any of a wide range of natural or synthetic organic materials of high molecular weight that can be formed by pressure, heat, extrusion, and other methods into desired shapes.

A permanent distortion of bone’s shape without fracture caused by a force exceeding an element’s elastic limit/elastic modulus/yield point.

A flat or rounded surface with a variety of functions in printing or manufacturing. It can be a flat metal (or earlier, wooden) plate pressed against a medium (such as paper) to cause an impression in letterpress printing. May also refer to a typewriter roller, the glass surface of a copier, or an EDD vacuum bed.